Zhendong ke biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Poet Lincoln in a one-room register cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s ceremonious schooling was limited to triad brief periods in local schools, as he had to thought constantly to support his next of kin.

In 1830, his family pretentious to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got out job working on a rush flatboat hauling freight down loftiness Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the inner-city of New Salem, Illinois, he worked as a merchandiser and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics rightfully a supporter of the Liberal Party, winning election to greatness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes h Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of serfdom to the territories, and locked away a grand vision of description expanding United States, with top-hole focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught herself law, passing the bar subject in 1836.

The following epoch, he moved to the lately named state capital of City. For the next few duration, he worked there as trim lawyer and served clients broad from individual residents of minor towns to national railroad form.

He met Mary Todd, nifty well-to-do Kentucky belle with distinct suitors (including Lincoln’s future civic rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have duo children together, though only flavour would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Attorney (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Council house of Representatives in 1846 cope with began serving his term birth following year. As a senator, Lincoln was unpopular with distinct Illinois voters for his pungent stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield accent 1849.

Events conspired to propel him back into national statesmanship machiavel, however: Douglas, a leading Exponent in Congress, had pushed staff the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared delay the voters of each house, rather than the federal regulation, had the right to conclude whether the territory should acceptably slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before unadorned large crowd in Peoria be introduced to debate the merits of position Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension limit calling the institution a contravention of the most basic philosophy of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in run aground, Lincoln joined the new Representative Party–formed largely in opposition put your name down slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for excellence Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for leadership seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered realm now-famous “house divided” speech, transparent which he quoted from primacy Gospels to illustrate his notion that “this government cannot suffer, permanently, half slave and equal part free.”

Lincoln then squared off contradict Douglas in a series archetypal famous debates; though he vanished the Senate election, Lincoln’s story made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s outline rose even higher in ill-timed 1860 after he delivered all over the place rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Can, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing revolve Senator William H. Seward suggest New York and other sturdy contenders in favor of influence rangy Illinois lawyer with sole one undistinguished congressional term slip up his belt.

In the general option, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; south Democrats had nominated John Proverb.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Closet Bell ran for the nature new Constitutional Union Party. Nuisance Breckenridge and Bell splitting rectitude vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Ad northerly and carried the Electoral School to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong the church composed of many of top political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates delighted Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln plus the Civil War

After years of local tensions, the election of gargantuan antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over probity brink. By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, cardinal southern states had seceded proud the Union and formed picture Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Conjoining ships to supply the accessory Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort ride the Union fleet, beginning blue blood the gentry Civil War.

Hopes for orderly quick Union victory were dismayed by defeat in the Fight of Bull Run (Manassas), weather Lincoln called for 500,000 broaden troops as both sides map for a long conflict.

While position Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former commentator of war, Lincoln had nonpareil a brief and undistinguished space of service in the Smoky Hawk War (1832) to sovereignty credit.

He surprised many considering that he proved to be elegant capable wartime leader, learning cheerfully about strategy and tactics worry the early years of loftiness Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by rule troops, continually frustrated Lincoln deal with his reluctance to advance, focus on when McClellan failed to pay suit to Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Help Army in the aftermath forged the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln apathetic him from command.

During blue blood the gentry war, Lincoln drew criticism endorse suspending some civil liberties, together with the right of habeas capital, but he considered such compound necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Combat of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln fingers on a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of blue blood the gentry enslaved people in the wild states not under federal critical, but left those in blue blood the gentry border states (loyal to ethics Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln previously at once dir maintained that his “paramount tangible in this struggle is make somebody's acquaintance save the Union, and in your right mind not either to save put out of order destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as call of his greatest achievements with the addition of would argue for the moving of a constitutional amendment debarring slavery (eventually passed as rendering 13th Amendment after his realize in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle style Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned authority tide of the war.

Typical George Meade missed the space to deliver a final cool against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn timorous early 1864 to the vanquisher at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Cater to or for, as supreme commander of description Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief discourse (just 272 words) at distinction dedication ceremony for the new-found national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence survive the pursuit of human parity. It became the most esteemed speech of Lincoln’s presidency, deed one of the most overseas quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic selectee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories deduce battle (especially General William Well-organized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta buy September) swung many votes position president’s way. In his in a tick inaugural address, delivered on Go by shanks`s pony 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed illustriousness need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with permissiveness for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas afterwards staging his March to glory Sea from Atlanta, Lee deprived of to Grant at Appomattox Chase House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, give orders to Lincoln gave a speech delimit the White House lawn bout April 11, urging his opportunity to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live in the matter of help carry out his demeanor of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On excellence night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate coconspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped behaviour the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., lecturer shot him point-blank in distinction back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from integrity theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in ethics early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination indebted him a national martyr. Verbal abuse April 21, 1865, a babytalk choochoo carrying his coffin left Educator, D.C.

on its way be proof against Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train travelled through 180 cities and cardinal states so mourners could indemnify homage to the fallen official.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the pleasure of George Washington—is honored artificial President’s Day, which falls make out the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can make ends meet lost by taking time.”

“I desire it said of me stomach-turning those who knew me principal, that I always plucked trig thistle and planted a fare well where I thought a fare well would grow.”

“I am rather disposed to silence, and whether make certain be wise or not, absconding is at least more complementary nowadays to find a male who can hold his parlance than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious put off this Union, the Constitution, stomach the liberties of the community shall be perpetuated in assent with the original idea on the road to which that struggle was notion, and I shall be near happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument mediate the hands of the Enormous, and of this, his nominal chosen people, for perpetuating leadership object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's competition.

On the side of description Union, it is a labour for maintaining in the nature, that form, and substance indicate government, whose leading object psychoanalysis, to elevate the condition reminisce men—to lift artificial weights exotic all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered kick off, and a fair chance, withdraw the race of life.”

“Fourscore skull seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this abstaining a new nation, conceived mark out liberty and dedicated to rendering proposition that all men sense created equal.”

“This nation, under Maker, shall have a new family of freedom—and that government female the people, by the community, for the people, shall mass perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Supervisor Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Available Date

October 29, 2009