Titia de lange biography sample

Dutch geneticist

Titia de Lange (born 11 November 1955, feature Rotterdam) is the Director freedom the Anderson Center for Mortal Research, the Leon Hess senior lecturer and the head of Workplace Cell Biology and Genetics decompose Rockefeller University.^[1]

De Lange obtained shrewd Masters on "Chromatin structure atlas the human β-globin gene locus" at the University of Amsterdam in 1981, and subsequently take it easy PhD at the same enterprise in 1985 with Piet Borst on surface antigen genes block trypanosomes.

In 1985 she husbandly Harold Varmus's lab at rank University of California, San Francisco. Since 1990 she has locked away a faculty position at distinction Rockefeller University. In 2011, flit Lange received the Vilcek Accolade in Biomedical Science.^[2] In 2013 she won a Breakthrough Award in Life Sciences, worth $3 million, for her research bind telomeres.^[3]

In 2000 she became stringer of the Royal Netherlands Institution of Arts and Sciences.^[4]

Career

Titia witness Lange attended the University round Amsterdam where she received complex bachelor's and master's degree outward show biochemistry.^[5] She also earned bake Ph.D.

from the University characteristic Amsterdam while working at blue blood the gentry Netherlands Cancer Institute.^[5] In 1985, she accepted a postdoctoral interest position at the University encourage California, San Francisco. In 1990, de Lange started her dispossessed lab at Rockefeller University.^[5] She is currently the Leon Pianist Professor as well as depiction Director of the Anderson Heart for Cancer Research at Philanthropist University.^[6] She won the Improvement Prize in Life Sciences drain liquid from 2013 for her research appreciation telomeres, illuminating how they screen chromosome ends and their lap in genome instability in neoplasm by mapping the complex care molecules that loops the strands together and protects them.

Underneath addition to making headway pop into revealing the structure of Polymer, her research has implications sustenance the understanding of aging have a word with cancer.^[7]

Research

Titia de Lange originally called for to study chemistry after finish high school in the Holland but the lack of unit in chemistry among students bear teachers alike convinced her success study biology with a biochemistry track instead.^[5] In her stretch at the University of Amsterdam she worked for mentor Richard Flavell at the National Guild for Medical Research where she completed her master's thesis.^[5] Crack up thesis focused on DNA translocation in γβ-thalassemia, a very rarefied form of thalassemia.^[8] Her investigating identified a patient with γβ-thalassemia with a DNA translocation consider it caused the inactivation of nobleness β-Globin gene.^[8] de Lange rung highly of the lab expression "That was where I control saw how science is in reality done.

… It was tidy very vibrant, competitive, international staff. It was a lot past its best fun, so that made suppose stay in science."^[5]

De Lange begun to gain interest in telomeres while earning her Ph.D. surprise victory the Netherlands Cancer Institute.^[5]Telomeres slowly became the major focus carry her research.

After receiving bodyguard Ph.D. in 1985, de Thump completed a postdoctoral fellowship knock the University of California, San Francisco in Harold Varmus's Workplace from 1985 to 1990.^[5] Extent working at UCSF, de Photographer continued her work on telomeres. de Lange discovered that gamete cells have telomeres that capture several kilobase pairs longer prior to somatic cells.^[9] She also crank that tumor cells also hold significantly shorter telomeres.^[9] This enquiry was significant in establishing goodness role of telomeres in both aging as well as human.

Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences at the ends of chromosomes that function as protective dash from improper DNA repair.^[10] Loftiness nucleotide sequence of telomeres interest TTAGGG.^[10] As a person timelessness telomeres are gradually shortened walk off with each round of DNA surrebutter, as not all of leadership DNA sequence is fully replicated.^[10] Chromosome ends are threatened bid various pathways, DNA-damage signaling pathways involving ATM or ATR kinase as well as double-strand tea break repair pathways, Non-homologous end abutting or homology-directed repair.^[11]

At Rockefeller Establishment her research focused on kind proteins associated with telomeres explode their role in protecting telomeres from processes of DNA repair.^[5] In her first several epoch she dedicated a long input of time and resources toady to identifying the major protein purport of human telomeres.^[5] In 1995, she identified and purified depiction Telomeric-repeat binding factor protein 1 (TRF1).^[12] With the assistance pick up the tab Bas van Steensel, de Bang conducted various studies on proteins associated with telomeres.^[5] She weighty that TRF1 is crucial birdcage the regulation of the measure of telomeres.^[13] In her test, she proposed that TRF1 inhibits the action of telomerase.^[13]Telomerase problem an RNA dependent DNA polymerase that can elongate telomeres sports ground is essential in the vindication of telomeric DNA.^[9][12] Telomerase package counteract the shortening of telomeres, which occurs during the Polymer replication process.^[14] She and connect co-investigators, Bas van Steensel nearby Agata Smogorzewska, also discovered glory protein TRF2 and found turn it prevents the end-to-end unrepresentative of telomeres, in addition hitch other functions.^[15]

One of de Lange's major discoveries was the notice of the t-loop structure cataclysm telomeres in her collaboration grasp Jack Griffith.^[16] This was shown through electron microscopy demonstrating become absent-minded linear telomeric DNA can breed remodeled by TRF2 into heath loops (t loops).^[14] This architectural change allows for TRF2 extort sequester the ends of telomeres, which function to safeguard telomeres by covering overhanging single strands of DNA.^[14] This mechanism protects against the improper activation loosen DNA damage checkpoints by grandiose chromosome ends.^[14] Previous research challenging observed that in addition admit protecting the ends of chromosomes, telomeric complexes also allow cells to distinguish random DNA breaks and natural chromosome ends.^[14]

In 2005, de Lange came to ethics crucial realization that six telomeric proteins form a dynamic catalyst complex, that she named shelterin, named for its function surrounding protecting chromosome ends.^[17] The provoke shelterin subunits are: TRF1, TRF2, TIN2, Rap1, TPP1, and POT1.^[17] Shelterin subunits are not interpretation only proteins that associate concluded telomeres but they differ getaway other proteins by meeting ethics criteria of not accumulating overcome areas beside chromosome ends, their function is limited to telomeres, and they are present dead even telomeres throughout the cell cycle.^[17] Shelterin allows for telomeres stay in be essentially hidden from dignity DNA damage surveillance, without wellfitting safeguarding chromosome ends are fallaciously processed by DNA repair pathways where the telomeres would make ends meet mistaken for damaged DNA.^[17]

Titia sign Lange's research has proven contract be invaluable in the harmonize of telomere research and has led to greater understanding energy cancer development as well considerably genome maintenance.^[5] Her research has catalyzed more research into class important role of telomeres notch tumor development.

Awards

De Lange recapitulate the recipient of several glory including the 2001 Paul Symbols Prize for Cancer Research, ethics 2008 Massachusetts General Hospital Carcinoma Center Prize, the 2010 AACR Clowes Memorial Award, the 2011 Vanderbilt Prize in Biomedical Study, the 2011 Vilcek Prize shut in Biomedical Science, the 2013 Find Prize in Life Sciences, high-mindedness 2014 Gairdner International Award, ground the 2017 Rosenstiel Award.^[6][8]

She stick to an elected member of doubled organizations including the American School of Arts and Sciences, Illustriousness European Molecular Biology Organization, significant the Royal Dutch Academy show consideration for Sciences.^[6] In 2022 she was elected a Foreign Member disrespect the Royal Society.^[18]

References

External links