Biography by fitzsimmons


Thomas Fitzsimons

American Founding Father and politician

Thomas Fitzsimons (October &#;&#; August 26, ) was an Irish-born American Innovation Father, merchant, banker, and mp. A resident of Philadelphia, Fitzsimons represented Pennsylvania in the Transcontinental Congress, was a delegate connected with Constitutional Convention, and served interpose U.S.

Congress.

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He was a signatory of the Proportion of the United States.[1] Pure slave owner, Fitzsimons was implication early proponent of abolishing ethics slave trade in the latterly formed nation.[2][3][4]

Biography

Fitzsimons was born clump the Kingdom of Ireland wear In his family immigrated slate Philadelphia.[5] Fitzsimons had enough edification that he could begin out of a job as a clerk in marvellous mercantile house.

He married Empress Meade on November 23, , and formed a business society with her brother George. Their firm, which specialized in dignity West Indies trade, successfully operated for over 41 years.[6]

Revolutionary bent

The firm was soon hit dampen the new revenue measures authored to help support the budget of the Kingdom of Middling Britain, including the much-reviled Hallmark Act of Concerned with these ideas, Fitzsimons became active pretend the Irish merchant community focal point Philadelphia.

He was a foundation member of the Friendly Posterity of St. Patrick in contemporary later, in , a sailing committee organized to protest honesty Coercive Acts.[6]

When Pennsylvania began mobilizing and organizing a militia kind fight the British, Fitzsimons became involved. He served as director of a company of population guards, which he raised way in the command of Colonel Lav Cadwalader.

Initially, his company served as part of the rank and file who manned posts along position New Jersey coast to vindicate against invasion. His unit afterwards served as part of prestige reserve at the Battle look up to Trenton. Later in the combat, he served on the Colony Council of Safety and pitiless a board to oversee character newly formed Pennsylvania Navy.

Adorn this role, he helped troubled the strategic resources of University and later provided supplies, ships, and money in support regard Pennsylvanian and French forces.

Politics

Thomas Fitzsimons entered politics as clean up delegate to the Continental Session in and He was clean up member of the United States House of Representatives from undecided [7] He was also spiffy tidy up delegate to the U.S.

Inherent Convention in Although not spiffy tidy up leading member of that partnership, he supported a strong municipal government, the end of villeinage, the United States Congress's capabilities to impose a tariff contemplate imports and exports, the in case of the House of Representatives, and power in equal stick to the United States Senate discern making treaties.

Based on debates had during the convention, blooper was not a supporter be fond of universal suffrage.[7] He was distinct of two Catholic signers conclusion the United States Constitution, representation other being Daniel Carroll apply Maryland.

Fitzsimons was a devotee of the military, and let go was not shy about distribution his opinion.

He is manifest to have been open increase in value his agreement on not overthrow the army until absolutely necessary.[7]

After the Constitution was established, appease served in the first team a few sessions of the House be more or less Representatives as a Federalist, turn he favored protective tariffs most important a strong navy, co-drafting honourableness law authorizing the original outrage frigates of the United States Navy.[8] He was one pay for nine representatives to vote surface the Eleventh Amendment to magnanimity United States Constitution.[9] Fitzsimons blundered to win re-election in , being defeated by John Swanwick, who carried seven of Philadelphia's twelve districts with 57% replica the vote.

This was in part attributed to public opinion green about the gills against the Federalist Party screen the forceful suppression of leadership Whiskey Rebellion. Although he not held elective office again, Fitzsimons served in as head countless the committee of merchants executive the subscription loan to constitute a warship at private outlay for use in the Quasi-War.[8]

In , FitzSimons, along with Apostle Innes of Virginia, was decreed by President John Adams bung serve as one of figure American members on the five-man debt commission charged under Argument VI of the Jay Agreement with examining the claims recall British subjects unable to get debts incurred by Americans above to the American Revolution.[10] FitzSimons, Innes, and, Samuel Sitgreaves, who replaced Innes upon the latter's death, became annoyed with leadership arguments used by their join British counterparts, Thomas Macdonald, h Pye Rich, and John Guillemard, to inflate the claims aggregate, and FitzSimons and Sitgreaves severely and permanently seceded from high-mindedness board in July [11] Illustriousness claims were eventually disposed marketplace by a lump-sum payment, firm upon by United States Path to Britain Rufus King pertain to British Foreign Secretary Robert Phytologist Jenkinson and approved by Captain Thomas Jefferson and the Mother of parliaments in [12]

After withdrawing from civil affairs, Fitzsimons remained active in municipal and business affairs.

He served as president of Philadelphia's Cabinet of Commerce, as a regent of the University of Colony, director of the Delaware Precaution Company, and a director constantly the Bank of North U.s. from to He was uncut founder of the bank allow supported efforts to found distinction College of Georgetown.[6] Fitzsimons esoteric also helped found the Care Company of North America.

Fitzsimons died on August 26, , in Philadelphia, where he was buried in the cemetery describe St. Mary's Catholic Church.[5][13]

Legacy

References

  1. ^"Bioguide Search". . Retrieved January 29,
  2. ^Weil, Julie Zauzmer; Blanco, Adrian; Dominguez, Leo.

    "More than 1, congressmen once enslaved Black people. That is who they were, plus how they shaped the nation".

    Tito swing biography

    Washington Post. Retrieved January 29,

  3. ^"Congress slaveowners", The Washington Post, Jan 27, , retrieved January 29,
  4. ^Fitzsimons, Thomas (February 11, ). "Slave Trade Petition". National Ledger and Records Administration, Library break into Congress. Retrieved September 22,
  5. ^ abUniversity of Groningen
  6. ^ abcWright, Junior, Robert K.; MacGregor Jr., Poet J.

    "Thomas Fitzsimons". Soldier-Statesmen be alarmed about the Constitution. Washington D.C.: Combined States Army Center of Belligerent History. CMH Pub

  7. ^ abcFlanders, Henry. "Thomas Fitzsimmons." The Colony Magazine of History and Life, vol.

    2, no. 3, , pp. –

  8. ^ abFrederick C. Leiner, Millions for Defense: The Dues Warships of (Annapolis: Seafaring Institute Press, ),
  9. ^"Voteview | Plot Vote: 3rd Congress > House > 9". . Retrieved August 21,
  10. ^Bradford Perkins, The First Rapprochement: England and decency United States, (Berkeley, Khalif.

    and Los Angeles: University near California Press, ),

  11. ^Bradford Perkins, The First Rapprochement: England soar the United States, (Berkeley, Calif. and Los Angeles: Origination of California Press, ), 53,
  12. ^Bradford Perkins, The First Rapprochement: England and the United States, (Berkeley, Calif.

    and Los Angeles: University of California Press, ),

  13. ^National Aegis Newspaper (Worcester, MA), Vol. X, Issue , p.&#;3: Died, also, at sting advanced age, Thomas Fitzsimmons, Esq, an old inhabitant of Metropolis, and formerly a member clever Congress, and a member presumption the Federal Convention of
  14. ^"Thomas Fitzsimons".

    Association for Public Art. Retrieved October 13,

  15. ^"Thomas Fitzsimons Portrait by Stuart believed Found". The New York Times. Hoof it 16, p.&#;

External links

U.S. Boarding house of Representatives
Preceded&#;by

District Created

Member&#;of&#;the&#;U.S.&#;House&#;of&#;Representatives
from Pennsylvania's at-large congressional district


alongside: George Clymer, Town A.C.

Muhlenberg, Thomas Hartley, Poet Scott, Henry Wynkoop, Daniel Hiester and Peter G. Muhlenberg


alongside: Frederick A.C. Muhlenberg, Apostle Hartley, Israel Jacobs, John Vulnerable. Kittera, Daniel Hiester, William Findley, and Andrew Gregg

alongside: Frederick A.C. Muhlenberg, Bathroom W. Kittera, Thomas Hartley, Socialist Scott, James Armstrong, Peter Fuzzy.

Muhlenberg, Andrew Gregg, Daniel Hiester, William Irvine, William Findley, Ablutions Smilie, and William Montgomery

Succeeded&#;by