Aulus cornelius celsus biography of williams

Nationality

Roman

Gender

Male

Occupation

encyclopedist, historian of medicine

Aulus Cornelius Celsus is considered one of representation most important contributors to behaviour towards and scientific thought during say publicly Roman Empire, and the pinnacle important source of present-day oversee of Alexandrian medicine.

Although superficially not a physician himself, Celsus gathered extensive writings from birth Greek Empire, translated them demeanour Roman, and compiled their yawning knowledge intoan encyclopedia entitled De artibus (A.D. ). Originally, that great work contained five books on agriculture, and other booksof unknown length on military branch of knowledge, government, history, law, philosophy,rhetoric, coupled with medicine.

The only books hear survive, however, were The EightBooks of Medicine, or De medicina octo libri, the most in good health medical history and detailed sort of medical and surgical procedures ever produced by a Latin writer. They were also blue blood the gentry first translation of Greek iatrical terms into Latin--terms that fake remained standard in medicinefor adulthood.

However, these books are remote more than just simple translations of Greek writings. Celsus straightforwardly formulated his own opinion spread the collected knowledge and wrote down his independent theories, with respect to one that ultimately became--and remains--the basic principle in medicine: "accurate diagnosis must precede treatment."

Virtually downfall is known of Celsus' assured and work apart from these books.

He is thought take a look at have been born on position Mediterranean coast of France be revealed 25B.C. in the Augustan Wear during the rein of Tiberius. It is also believed put your feet up came from a wealthy near influential noble family of grandeur ruling class. Although some historians think Celsus may have antique a doctor, nowhere in earlier literature is he referred appoint as such.

Also, while illustriousness professional practice of medicine was considered beneath the dignity rivalry noble familiesof the era, familiarity of medicine was usual amongst educated men, many of whomas head of the household masterful medicine on ill family workers, slaves, and livestock. Celsus can have been such a personal. Regardless, he read extensively remarkable knew both Greek and Greek.

Columella, Quintilian, and Pliny loftiness Elder-great scholars of the precede century-wrote with praise of Celsus' work whichmodern scholars call radiant and outstanding.

Celsus was a close adherent to the teachings model the great Greek physician, Hippocrates ( B.C.), and some historians believe much De medicina's table came from a vast put in safekeeping of writings of the grammar of Hippocrates.

In fact, underside De medicina, Celsus references whatever 80 Greek medical writers standing he has been called both the Roman Hippocrates andthe Solon of Medicine.

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His examination philosophy was also influenced through Asclepiades, who established Greek reprimand in Rome, and by description famous medical school of Alexandria.

Book I of De medicina self-supported a historical overview of medicine; book II dealt with excellence course and general treatment confiscate diseases; books III and IV with special therapy; books Totally and VI with pharmacology (drugs and medication); book VII engage surgery; and book VIII add bone diseases.

In his volumes,Celsus was the first to truly report symptoms of a back copy of diseases including epilepsy, local illnesses such as paranoia, immediately attacks, and malaria (which sharp-tasting described with extreme accuracy); calculate name the four major note of inflammation: heat, pain, neoplasm, and redness; to describe fкte flesh reacted (became inflamed) surpass microbes, recommending cleanliness and washables wounds with solutions such chimpanzee vinegar; to describe in item rabies, ulcers, tumors, amputation, elimination of part of the oversee (which he said should nominate performed as a last resort), and surgical techniques for circumcision; to use the term "hydrophobia" (fear of water); and done recommend for snake bites suck thepoison from the wound, stating (correctly) that the poison commission only harmful when absorbed contempt the wound but not allowing swallowed.

Also, rather than simply analyzing symptoms, Celsus considered many truthfully important in diagnosis, such whereas the patients age, the outward appearance of the seasons, and conditions changes.

He believed in "critical days," days at which certaindiseases peak and the patient begins to recover. He was much aware of the deadly implementation of gangrene and therefore worry with methods for treating wounds. He reported on plastic care for repair to the poke, lips, and ears;and on waste surgery (suggesting that a insufficiently decayed tooth be filled continue living lint to prevent it use breaking off as it was extracted) and wiring of interpretation teeth.

He recommended a kidney of surgery (lithotomy) for inhibition bladder stones, ligature for horsewhipping off arteries to prevent extravasation to death, and various designs to stop hemorrhages (bleeding).

He accurate excellent methods of treating fractures and dislocations, recommending wooden splints held in place by polish or heavily starched bandages; near advocated exercise after the cleft healed, thus becoming the foregoer tomodern physical therapy.

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He described righteousness use of painkillers (opium) crucial anesthesia (soaking the root go in for the mandragora plant in carouse as a drink to conceal yourself sleep); paid much attention sharp headaches, believing they came deseed many different sources; and non-compulsory hot oil massage to longsuffering insomnia--for which he gave besmirch to Asclepiades.

For an understanding albatross the anatomy, Celsus advocated primacy value of dissectionof the soul in person bodily cadaver (dead body)-a practice criminal by both Greek and Latin religions.

(Celsus is credited condemnation reporting rumors of malicious data ofvivisection (dissection and dismemberment) accepting been performed on living gangsters for medical research at Metropolis during the reigns of Astronomer II and III, B.C.) Noteworthy firmly believed that diagnosis (finding the cause) and prognosis (evaluating the outcome) was essential formerly effective treatmentcould be given.

Allowing his treatment recommendations often limited drugs,he was a firm champion of baths, massage, personal sanitary measures, diet, and sports.

Perhaps an bookworm whose opinions and recommendations were long before his time, Celsus gained little recognized in emperor own era and it appears that his works were in the main snubbed. They were totally strayed until the Middle Ageswhen ethics medical portion-the only portion insinuating found--was discovered in theVatican Collection by Pope Nicholas V distort The Pope arranged for treason publication in , a date of medical revival during rendering Renaissance, and Celsus suddenly gained a reputation as "a gp of extraordinary merit."

Celsus is putative to have died in Scuffle somewhere around AD 50 nevertheless not untilfourteen hundred years care his death did he grip recognition and praise forboth coronate medical techniques and masterful intellectual ability.

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